Price, David B. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9728-9992
Voorham, Jaco
Brusselle, Guy
Clemens, Andreas http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-1557
Kostikas, Konstantinos http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-3942
Stephens, Jeffrey W. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2228-086X
Park, Hye Yun
Roche, Nicolas
Fogel, Robert http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1441-0962
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novartis (n/a, n/a, n/a, n/a, n/a, n/a, n/a)
Article History
Received: 18 March 2019
Accepted: 19 September 2019
First Online: 28 October 2019
Competing interests
: Professor David Price has board membership with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; consultancy agreements with Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Mylan, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance; grants and unrestricted funding for investigator-initiated studies (conducted through Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd) from AKL Research and Development Ltd, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, British Lung Foundation, Chiesi, Circassia, Mylan, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Respiratory Effectiveness Group, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Theravance, UK National Health Service, Zentiva (Sanofi Generics); payment for lectures/speaking engagements from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Cipla, GlaxoSmithKline, Kyorin, Mylan, Merck, Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for manuscript preparation from Mundipharma, Teva Pharmaceuticals; payment for the development of educational materials from Mundipharma, Novartis; payment for travel/accommodation/meeting expenses from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Circassia, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceuticals; funding for patient enrollment or completion of research from Chiesi, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Zentiva (Sanofi Generics); stock/stock options from AKL Research and Development Ltd which produces phytopharmaceuticals; owns 74% of the social enterprise Optimum Patient Care Ltd (Australia and UK) and 74% of Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute Pte Ltd (Singapore); and is peer reviewer for grant committees of the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation program, and Health Technology Assessment. Jaco Voorham is an employee of OPRI, which conducted this study and which has conducted paid research in respiratory disease on behalf of the following organizations in the past 5 years: Aerocrine, AKL Research and Development Ltd, Almirall, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Mylan, Mundipharma, Napp, Novartis, Orion, Takeda, Teva, Zentiva (a Sanofi company). Guy Brusselle has, within the last 5 years, received honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva; he is a member of advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Sanofi/Regeneron, and Teva. Andreas Clemens is a full time employee and shareholder of Novartis Pharma AG. Konstantinos Kostikas was an employee and shareholder of Novartis at the time of the study. He has received honoraria for presentations and/or consulting services from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, ELPEN, GSK, Innovis, Menarini, and Novartis. Jeffrey W. Stephens has no conflicts of interest in relation to this work. Hye Yun Park has received lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Novartis, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Nicolas Roche reports grants and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Pfizer and personal fees from Teva, GSK, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Mundipharma, Sanofi, Sandoz, 3 M, Zambon. Robert Fogel is a full time employee and shareholder of Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation.