Konopka-Anstadt, Jennifer L. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4062-5350
Campagnoli, Ray http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-3893
Vincent, Annelet http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6005-1035
Shaw, Jing
Wei, Ling
Wynn, Nhien T.
Smithee, Shane E.
Bujaki, Erika
Te Yeh, Ming
Laassri, Majid http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0110-5504
Zagorodnyaya, Tatiana
Weiner, Amy J.
Chumakov, Konstantin http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3002-6247
Andino, Raul
Macadam, Andrew http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-1573
Kew, Olen
Burns, Cara C. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2582-2476
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Article History
Received: 5 September 2019
Accepted: 14 February 2020
First Online: 20 March 2020
Competing interests
: R.C., J.S., O.K., and C.C.B are listed as co-inventors on a US patent (“Modulation of replicative fitness by deoptimization of synonymous codons,” US patent #8,846,051) held by the US Government. Similar patents have been issued in Europe, Hong Kong, India, Canada, and Australia. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.