Gao, Yang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0518-5249
Nihira, Naoe Taira http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-7538
Bu, Xia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-9237
Chu, Chen http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8084-0867
Zhang, Jinfang http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-6007
Kolodziejczyk, Aleksandra http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1929-5254
Fan, Yizeng
Chan, Ngai Ting
Ma, Leina
Liu, Jing http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3113-4015
Wang, Dong
Dai, Xiaoming
Liu, Huadong
Ono, Masaya
Nakanishi, Akira http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5896-939X
Inuzuka, Hiroyuki
North, Brian J.
Huang, Yu-Han
Sharma, Samanta
Geng, Yan
Xu, Wei http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3808-0045
Liu, X. Shirley http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-7339
Li, Lei
Miki, Yoshio http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-392X
Sicinski, Piotr http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-5234
Freeman, Gordon J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-5616
Wei, Wenyi http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0512-3811
Funding for this research was provided by:
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP18H06157)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (CA236356, CA236226, CA202634, CA101942, CA177910)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM094777)
Article History
Received: 19 August 2019
Accepted: 21 July 2020
First Online: 24 August 2020
Competing interests
: G.J.F. is an inventor on patents covering the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway including US Patent Nos. 6,808,710; 7,038,013; 7,101,550; 7,105,328; 7,638,492; 7,700,301; 7,432,059; 7,709,214; and 7,722,868 and associated foreign patent issuances. These patents have been licensed non-exclusively to Roche, Merck, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, EMD-Serono, Boehringer-Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Leica, Mayo Clinic, Dako and Novartis and several research reagent providers; and he receives royalties based on those licenses. G.J.F. was recently determined to be an inventor on US Patent Nos. 7,595,048; 8,168,179; 8,728,474; 9,067,999; 9,073,994; and 9,402,899 covering the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway and may in the future receive royalty payments based on licenses to those patents. G.J.F. has served on the advisory boards for Roche, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Xios, Origimed, Triursus, iTeos, NextPoint, IgM and Jubilant. G.J.F. has equity in Nextpoint, Triursus, Xios, iTeos, IgM, and GV20.