Zhao, Yue http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-2634
Fu, Xiao http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8611-891X
Lopez, Jose I. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-5348
Rowan, Andrew
Au, Lewis
Fendler, Annika
Hazell, Steve
Xu, Hang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5847-655X
Horswell, Stuart
Shepherd, Scott T. C. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6208-173X
Spain, Lavinia
Byrne, Fiona http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3800-0500
Stamp, Gordon
O’Brien, Tim
Nicol, David
Augustine, Marcellus
Chandra, Ashish
Rudman, Sarah
Toncheva, Antonia
Pickering, Lisa http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-340X
Sahai, Erik
Larkin, James
Bates, Paul A.
Swanton, Charles http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3018
Turajlic, Samra http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8846-136X
Challacombe, Ben
Chowdhury, Simon
Drake, William
Fernando, Archana
Fotiadis, Nicos
Furness, Andrew
Hatipoglu, Emine
Harrison-Phipps, Karen
Hill, Peter
Horsfield, Catherine
Marafioti, Teresa
Olsburgh, Jonathon
Polson, Alexander
Quezada, Sergio
Varia, Mary
Verma, Hema
Litchfield, Kevin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3725-0914
,
Article History
Received: 18 August 2020
Accepted: 3 March 2021
First Online: 17 May 2021
Competing interests
: S.T. and C.S. have a patent on INDEL burden and checkpoint inhibitor response pending, and a patent on targeting of frameshift neoantigens for personalized immunotherapy pending. K.L. has a patent on INDEL burden and CPI response pending and outside of the submitted work, speaker fees from Roche tissue diagnostics, research funding from CRUK TDL/Ono/LifeArc alliance, and a consulting role with Monopteros Therapeutics. S.T. receives hohorariums from Jules Bordet Institute, Erasmus, Open Health and MD Anderson. S.T. has received speaking fees from Roche, Ventana, IDEA pharma, AstraZeneca, Novartis and Ipsen. S.T. has received expenses from WK Weiser, AACR, Research Degrees Team, Melanoma Focus, SITC, Jules Bordet Institute, ESMO, SMR, Broad, KCA, IFOM, EORTC, ASCO, Ventana, Roche, Institute of Molecular Medicine, KTH Sweden, Pfizer, Erasmus, Systems Biology and MD Anderson. S.T. has the following patents filed: Indel mutations as a therapeutic target and predictive biomarker PCTGB2018/051892 and PCTGB2018/051893 and Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Biomarkers P113326GB. C.S. acknowledges grant support from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche-Ventana, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Archer Dx Inc (collaboration in minimal residual disease sequencing technologies) and Ono Pharmaceuticals. C.S. is an AstraZeneca Advisory Board member and Chief Investigator for the MeRmaiD1 clinical trial, has consulted for Pfizer, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, AstraZeneca, Illumina, Amgen, Genentech, Roche-Ventana, GRAIL, Medicxi, Bicycle Therapeutics and the Sarah Cannon Research Institute, has stock options in Apogen Biotechnologies, Epic Bioscience and GRAIL, and has stock options and is co-founder of Achilles Therapeutics. C.S. holds patents relating to assay technology to detect tumour recurrence (PCT/GB2017/053289), targeting neoantigens (PCT/EP2016/059401), identifying patent response to immune checkpoint blockade (PCT/EP2016/071471), determining whether HLA LOH is lost in a tumour (PCT/GB2018/052004), predicting survival rates of cancer patients (PCT/GB2020/050221), treating cancer by targeting insertion/deletion mutations (PCT/GB2018/051893), identifying insertion/deletion mutation targets (PCT/GB2018/051892), detecting tumour mutations (PCT/US2017/028013) and identifying responders to cancer treatment (PCT/GB2018/051912). E.S. receives research funding from Merck Sharp Dohme and Astrazeneca and is on the scientific advisory board of Phenomic. J.L. receives honorariums from Roche, Novartis, iOnctura, BMS, Pfizer, Incyte, Dynavax, CRUK, GSK, Eisai, Merck, touchIME and touchExperts. J.L. has consulted for Iovance, Boston Biomedical, Pfizer, BMS, GSK, Novartis, Incyte, Immunocore, YKT Global, iOnctura and Apple Tree. J.L. has received speaker fees from BMS, Pfizer, Incyte, Roche, Pierre Fabre, AstraZeneca, Novartis, EUSA Pharma, MSD, Ervaxx, Merck, GSK, Ipsen, Aptitude, Eisai, Calithera, Ultimovacs and Seagen. J.L. has received expenses from BMS, iOnctura, Roche, Pfizer, Incyte, Merck, Novartis, Pierre Fabre, BUG, ESMO, AIM, AstraZeneca, NCRI, Syneos Health, EUSA Pharma, KCA, Bioevents, MedConcept, GSK and RVMais. J.L acknowledges institutional research support from BMS, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Achilles Therapeutics, Roche, Nektar Therapeutics, Covance, Immunocore, Pharmacyclics and Aveo. L.P. acknowledges institutional research support from NIHR, Rosetrees Trust and the Kidney and Melanoma cancer fund of RMH charity. L.P. has consulted for BMS, Eisai, Novartis, Pfizer and MSD.