Rothemund, Philipp http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0588-6993
Kim, Yoonho
Heisser, Ronald H.
Zhao, Xuanhe http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-6186
Shepherd, Robert F. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0631-9587
Keplinger, Christoph http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9151-4100
Funding for this research was provided by:
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MathWorks Fellowship)
ILJU Academy and Culture Foundation
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R01HL153857-01)
National Science Foundation (EFMA-1935291)
Article History
First Online: 23 November 2021
Competing interests
: P.R. and C.K. are listed as inventors of patents that cover fundamentals and basic designs of HASEL actuators as well as methods of fabrication. Y.K. and X.Z. are listed as inventors of patents that cover fundamental principles and fabrication techniques for 3D-printed magnetic soft actuators and magnetically steerable soft continuum robots. X.Z. is a co-founder of SanaHeal Inc., a start-up company commercializing bioadhesives. R.F.S. is listed as an inventor for patents regarding stretchable lightguide-based optical sensing platforms, and is a co-founder of Organic Robotics Corporation, which licenses these patents. C.K. is a co-founder of Artimus Robotics, a start-up company commercializing HASEL actuators.