Han, Xuexiang http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0011-5222
Alameh, Mohamad-Gabriel
Butowska, Kamila http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-1062
Knox, James J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0661
Lundgreen, Kendall http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-7152
Ghattas, Majed http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9651-5014
Gong, Ningqiang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9444-8505
Xue, Lulu http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5719-1336
Xu, Ying http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7341-8676
Lavertu, Marc http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-3607
Bates, Paul http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3918-5976
Xu, Junchao
Nie, Guangjun http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5040-9793
Zhong, Yi
Weissman, Drew
Mitchell, Michael J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3628-2244
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (DP2 TR002776)
Article History
Received: 13 July 2022
Accepted: 17 April 2023
First Online: 26 June 2023
Competing interests
: X.H. and M.J.M. have filed a patent application based on this work. In accordance with the University of Pennsylvania policies and procedures and our ethical obligations as researchers, we report that D.W. is named on patents that describe the use of nucleoside-modified mRNA as a platform to deliver therapeutic proteins and vaccines. D.W. and M.G.A are also named on patents describing the use of lipid nanoparticles, and lipid compositions for nucleic acid delivery and vaccination. We have disclosed those interests fully to the University of Pennsylvania, and we have in place an approved plan for managing any potential conflicts arising from licensing of our patents. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
Free to read: This content has been made available to all.