Cao, Rui http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4444-7528
Zhao, Jingjing
Li, Lei
Du, Lin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-4947
Zhang, Yide http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-3970
Luo, Yilin
Jiang, Laiming
Davis, Samuel http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-8880
Zhou, Qifa
de la Zerda, Adam
Wang, Lihong V. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-4383
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (NSF 1438340)
United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Research Laboratory (FA9550-15-1-0007)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (DP50D012179, K23CA211793, R01 EB028277)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U01 NS099717)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R35 CA220436)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health
Article History
Received: 8 June 2022
Accepted: 19 October 2022
First Online: 1 December 2022
Competing interests
: L.V.W. has a financial interest in MicroPhotoAcoustics, CalPACT and Union Photoacoustic Technologies, although they did not support this work. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.