Masnadi, Mohammad S. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3834-0241
Benini, Giacomo
El-Houjeiri, Hassan M.
Milivinti, Alice
Anderson, James E. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0878-5271
Wallington, Timothy J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-6326
De Kleine, Robert
Dotti, Valerio
Jochem, Patrick http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7486-4958
Brandt, Adam R. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2528-1473
Article History
Received: 21 November 2020
Accepted: 18 August 2021
First Online: 3 November 2021
Competing interests
: Work at Stanford University on this project was primarily funded by Ford Motor Company through a gift to Stanford University. Other funding at Stanford University was provided by Aramco Americas. Some co-authors are employed by industry. Every effort was made to maintain independence and accuracy in this work. Industry collaborations were vital to obtaining and accurately analysing the detailed oilfield financial data used in this study.
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