Wang, Dongdong http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6195-4428
Townsend, Logan K.
DesOrmeaux, Geneviève J.
Frangos, Sara M.
Batchuluun, Battsetseg
Dumont, Lauralyne
Kuhre, Rune Ehrenreich http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4787-340X
Ahmadi, Elham http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-4615
Hu, Sumei http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3618-4492
Rebalka, Irena A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-5473
Gautam, Jaya
Jabile, Maria Joy Therese
Pileggi, Chantal A.
Rehal, Sonia
Desjardins, Eric M.
Tsakiridis, Evangelia E.
Lally, James S. V.
Juracic, Emma Sara
Tupling, A. Russell http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3895-6767
Gerstein, Hertzel C. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8072-2836
Paré, Guillaume http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-4760
Tsakiridis, Theodoros
Harper, Mary-Ellen http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3864-5886
Hawke, Thomas J.
Speakman, John R. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2457-1823
Blondin, Denis P. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-0985
Holloway, Graham P.
Jørgensen, Sebastian Beck http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9648-0971
Steinberg, Gregory R. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5425-8275
Article History
Received: 21 July 2022
Accepted: 23 May 2023
First Online: 28 June 2023
Competing interests
: S.B.J. and R.E.K. are employees of Novo Nordisk, a pharmaceutical company producing and selling medicine for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. G.R.S. is a co-founder and shareholder of Espervita Therapeutics. McMaster University has received funding from Espervita Therapeutics, Esperion Therapeutics, Poxel Pharmaceuticals and Nestle for research conducted in the laboratory of G.R.S. S.R. is supported by a MITACS postdoctoral fellowship sponsored by Novo Nordisk. H.C.G. holds the McMaster-Sanofi Population Health Institute Chair in Diabetes Research and Care. G.R.S., G.P. and H.C.G. are inventors listed on a patent for identifying GDF15 as a biomarker for metformin. G.R.S. has received consulting/speaking fees from Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Esperion Therapeutics, Merck, Poxel Pharmaceuticals and Cambrian Biosciences. The other authors declare no competing interests.