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Article History
Received: 9 March 2023
Accepted: 30 November 2023
First Online: 13 December 2023
Competing interests
: D.S.C.-J. reports non-financial support from Roche Diagnostics Ltd, outside the submitted work; G.C.S.S. reports personal fees and non-financial support from Roche Diagnostics Ltd, outside the submitted work; D.S.C.-J. and G.C.S.S. report grants from Sera Prognostics Inc, non-financial support from Illumina Inc, outside the submitted work. G.C.S.S. has been a paid consultant to GSK (preterm birth) and is a member of a Data Monitoring Committee for GSK trials of RSV vaccination in pregnancy. N.S. and P.W. have received grant funding from Roche Diagnostics paid to their institution for biomarker work inclusive of GDF15 measurements. J.R.B.P. is an employee and shareholder of Adrestia Therapeutics Ltd. K.M.G. is a paid consultant for BYOMass Inc. C.L.M. has received research funding and equipment at reduced cost from Dexcom Inc. G.T. is a full-time employee of Regeneron Genetics Center and receives salary, stock and stock options as compensation. F.M.G. has received research grant support from Eli-Lilly and AstraZeneca outside the scope of this current work. M.S.F. is a paid consultant for Materna Biosciences, Inc., NGM Biopharmaceuticals, and a Board member and Science Advisor for the Hyperemesis Education and Research Foundation. S.O. has undertaken remunerated consultancy work for Pfizer, Third Rock Ventures, AstraZeneca, NorthSea Therapeutics and Courage Therapeutics. Part of the work in this paper is the subject of a pending patent application relating to therapy for hyperemesis gravidarum filed by Cambridge Enterprise Limited (GB application No. 2304716.0; Inventor: Professor Stephen O’Rahilly). S.L. and N.R. are named creators on this patent. All other authors declare no competing interests.