Grünewald, Julian http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7537-7505
Zhou, Ronghao
Iyer, Sowmya
Lareau, Caleb A. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4179-4807
Garcia, Sara P. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-6454
Aryee, Martin J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6848-1344
Joung, J. Keith http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5630-5645
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR0011-17-2-0042)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35 GM118158, R35 GM118158)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (RM1 HG009490)
Article History
Received: 3 June 2019
Accepted: 23 July 2019
First Online: 2 September 2019
Competing interests
: J.K.J. has financial interests in Beam Therapeutics, Editas Medicine, Excelsior Genomics, Pairwise Plants, Poseida Therapeutics, Transposagen Biopharmaceuticals and Verve Therapeutics (f/k/a Endcadia). The interests of J.K.J. were reviewed and are managed by Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict of interest policies. M.J.A. holds equity in Excelsior Genomics. J.K.J. is a member of the Board of Directors of the American Society of Gene and Cell Therapy. J.G., R.Z. and J.K.J. are co-inventors on patent applications that have been filed by Partners Healthcare/Massachusetts General Hospital on engineered base editor architectures that reduce RNA-editing activities and increase their precision.