Harrison, Stephen A. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8285-2204
Allen, Alina M.
Dubourg, Julie http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5514-8075
Noureddin, Mazen
Alkhouri, Naim
Article History
Received: 13 October 2022
Accepted: 20 December 2022
First Online: 9 March 2023
Competing interests
: S.A.H.: grant support for research (Akero Therapeutics, Altimmune, Axcella Health, Cirius Therapeutics, CiVi Biopharma, CymaBay Therapeutics, Enyo Pharma, Galectin Therapeutics, Galmed Research and Development, Genfit, Gilead Sciences, Hepion Pharmaceuticals, HighTide Therapeutics, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Metacrine, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, NorthSea Therapeutics, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk, Poxel, Sagimet Biosciences, Terns Pharmaceuticals, Viking Therapeutics, 89Bio), advisory board and/or consultant (Akero Therapeutics, Alentis Therapeutics, Alimentiv, Altimmune, Arrowhead, Axcella Health, Boston Pharmaceuticals, B Riley FBR, ChronWell, Corcept Therapeutics, Echosens North America, ENYO Pharma, Foresite Labs, Galectin Therapeutics, Genfit, Gilead Sciences, GNS, GSK, Hepion Pharmaceuticals, HighTide Therapeutics, HistoIndex, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Ionis, Kowa Research Institute, Madrigal Pharmaceuticals, Medpace, Merck, Metacrine, NeuroBo, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, NorthSea Therapeutics, Novo Nordisk, Nutrasource, Perspectum Diagnostics, Piper Sandler, Poxel, Sagimet Biosciences, Sonic Incytes Medical, Terns, Viking Therapeutics), stock and/or options (self-managed) (Akero Therapeutics, ChronWell, Cirius Therapeutics, Galectin Therapeutics, Genfit, Hepion Pharmaceuticals, HistoIndex, Metacrine, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, NorthSea Therapeutics). J.D.: shareholder in Poxel. A.M.A.: research support to her institution from Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Target Pharma and is a consultant for Novo Nordisk and Pfizer. M.N.: advisory board and/or consultant for 89Bio, Altimmune, BI, Gilead, CohBar, CytoDyn, Pfizer, GSK, Novo Nordisk, Echosens, Madrigal, NorthSea, Perspectum, Terns, Takeda, Sami-Sabinsa Group, Siemens and Roche Diagnostics; M.N. has received research support from Allergan, Akero, BMS, Gilead, Galmed, Galectin, Genfit, Conatus, Enanta, Madrigal, Novartis, Pfizer, Shire, Viking and Zydus; M.N. is a shareholder or has stocks in Anaetos, ChronWell, CytoDyn, Ciema, Rivus Pharma and Viking. N.A.: research funding (89Bio, Akero, AbbVie–Allergan, Better Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Corcept, DSM, Galectin, Genentech, Genfit, Gilead, Hepagene, Healio, Intercept, Inventiva, Ionis, Madrigal, Merck, NGM, Noom, NorthSea, Novo Nordisk, Perspectum, Pfizer, Poxel, Viking and Zydus), speaker bureau (AbbVie–Allergan, Alexion, Echosens, Eisai, Exelixis, Gilead, Intercept, Perspectum, Salix and Theratechnologies), consultant (AbbVie–Allergan, Echosens, Fibronostics, Gilead, Intercept, Madrigal, Novo Nordisk, Perspectum, Pfizer and Zydus).