Zhang, Bing
Silverman, Anna L.
Bangaru, Saroja
Arneson, Douglas
Dasharathy, Sonya
Nguyen, Nghia
Rodden, Diane
Shih, Jonathan
Butte, Atul J.
El-Nachef, Wael Noor
Boland, Brigid S.
Rudrapatna, Vivek Ashok
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007007-45, T32DK007202, K23DK123406)
UCSF Bakar Computational Health Science Institute
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (TL1TR001871)
Article History
Received: 27 March 2021
Accepted: 28 September 2021
First Online: 25 October 2021
Competing interests
: BSB has received consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Takeda, unrelated to current research. VAR has received support from Janssen Inc. for research unrelated this work. AJB is a co-founder and consultant to Personalis and NuMedii; consultant to Samsung, Mango Tree Corporation, and in the recent past, 10 × Genomics, Helix, Pathway Genomics, and Verinata (Illumina); has served on paid advisory panels or boards for Geisinger Health, Regenstrief Institute, Gerson Lehman Group, AlphaSights, Covance, Novartis, Genentech, and Merck, and Roche; is a shareholder in Personalis and NuMedii; is a minor shareholder in Apple, Facebook, Alphabet (Google), Microsoft, Amazon, Snap, 10 × Genomics, Illumina, CVS, Nuna Health, Assay Depot, Vet24seven, Regeneron, Sanofi, Royalty Pharma, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Biogen, Paraxel, and Sutro, and several other non-health related companies and mutual funds; and has received honoraria and travel reimbursement for invited talks from Johnson and Johnson, Roche, Genentech, Pfizer, Merck, Lilly, Takeda, Varian, Mars, Siemens, Optum, Abbott, Celgene, AstraZeneca, AbbVie, Westat, and many academic institutions, medical or disease specific foundations and associations, and health systems. AJB receives royalty payments through Stanford University, for several patents and other disclosures licensed to NuMedii and Personalis. AJB’s research has been funded by NIH, Northrup Grumman (as the prime on an NIH contract), Genentech, Johnson and Johnson, FDA, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Leon Lowenstein Foundation, Intervalien Foundation, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg, the Barbara and Gerson Bakar Foundation, and in the recent past, the March of Dimes, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, L’Oreal, and Progenity. All other authors have nothing to disclose relevant to the manuscript. The disclosures had no involvement in any aspects of the study and the decision to publish.