Wnorowski, Artur http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-4225
Dudzik, Danuta http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9833-7618
Bernier, Michel http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5948-368X
Wójcik, Jakub http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4993-4210
Keijzers, Guido http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9353-8042
Diaz-Ruiz, Alberto http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-4216
Mazur, Karolina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7445-1336
Zhang, Yongqing
Han, Haiyong http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9031-9880
Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-1280
Jozwiak, Krzysztof http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6018-5092
Barbas, Coral http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4722-491X
Wainer, Irving W. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1643-5845
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Centre, Poland (SONATA 14, 2018/31/D/NZ7/01350, SONATA 14, 2018/31/D/NZ7/01350)
internal fund for young researchers at the Medical University of Lublin (MNmb65)
P. A. Messerschmidt og Hustrus Fond (028077-0006)
Københavns Universitets fond for kræftforskning (A5018)
Comunidad de Madrid (2018-T1/BMD-11966)
Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (PID2019-106893RA-I00)
Independent Research Fund Denmark (#7016-00230B)
Danish Cancer Society (#R167-A11015_001)
Nordea Foundation
Kirsten and Freddy Johansens Foundation
Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of Spain (RTI2018-095166-B-I00)
Intramural Research Program of the NIH/NIA
Article History
Received: 5 October 2021
Accepted: 21 February 2022
First Online: 7 March 2022
Competing interests
: Drs. Bernier and Wainer are listed as co-inventors on patents for MNF and other fenoterol derivatives, including their use in oncologic therapy. Drs. Bernier and Wainer have assigned theirs rights in the patents to the U.S. government, but will receive a percentage of any royalties that may be received by the government. Dr. Wainer is currently Chief Scientific Officer at PAZ Pharma, which has an exclusive license for the use of MNF and related compounds in the treatment of pancreatic, liver, and brain cancers. The remaining authors state no conflict of interest.