Fabrick, Jeffrey A.
Heu, Chan C.
LeRoy, Dannialle M.
DeGain, Ben A.
Yelich, Alex J.
Unnithan, Gopalan C.
Wu, Yidong
Li, Xianchun
Carrière, Yves
Tabashnik, Bruce E.
Funding for this research was provided by:
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (2018-67013-27821)
Article History
Received: 18 August 2022
Accepted: 22 September 2022
First Online: 6 October 2022
Competing interests
: This is a cooperative investigation between USDA ARS and the University of Arizona, with J.A.F., Y.C., and B.E.T. receiving funding from USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Program Grant #2018-67013-27821) to support this work. C.C.H., D.M.L., B.A.D., A.J.Y., G.C.U, and Y.W., declare no potential conflict of interest. J.A.F. is coauthor of a patent “Cadherin Receptor Peptide for Potentiating Bt Biopesticides” (patent numbers: US20090175974A1, US8354371, WO2009067487A2, WO2009067487A3). B.E.T. is a coauthor of a patent on modified Bt toxins, "Suppression of Resistance in Insects to <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Cry Toxins, Using Toxins that do not Require the Cadherin Receptor" (patent numbers: CA2690188A1, CN101730712A, EP2184293A2, EP2184293A4, EP2184293B1, WO2008150150A2, WO2008150150A3). Bayer Crop Science, BASF, Corteva Agriscience, and Syngenta did not provide funding to support this work but may be affected financially by publication of this paper and have funded other work by J.A.F., Y.C., X.L., and/or B.E.T.