Updates are available Correction dated 2023-03-01

Article History

Received: 22 March 2022

Accepted: 22 December 2022

First Online: 29 December 2022

Change Date: 1 March 2023

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30530-1

Competing interests

: AL: data sharing agreement with Winamax and FDJ. Scientific independence towards gambling industry operators is warranted. There were no constraints on publishing. MGB, JC and GCB declare that the University Hospital of Nantes has received funding from the gambling industry (FDJ and PMU) in the form of a philantropic sponsorship (donations that do not assign purpose of use). Scientific independence towards gambling industry operators is warranted. There were no constraints on publishing. GCB: data sharing agreement with FDJ. LR : Participation in « GIS Jeu et société » , 4 universités (founded by the FDJ). Reaserch grant by U Paris Nanterre. LC is the Director of the Centre for Gambling Research at UBC, which is supported by funding from the Province of British Columbia and the British Columbia Lottery Corporation (BCLC), a Canadian Crown Corporation. The Province of British Columbia, and BCLC had no involvement in the ideas expressed herein, and impose no constraints on publishing. Luke Clark has received speaker/travel honoraria from the National Association of Gambling Studies (Australia) and the National Center for Responsible Gaming (USA). He has received consulting fees from Gambling Research Exchange Ontario (Canada) and the National Center for Responsible Gaming (USA). He has not received any further direct or indirect payments from the gambling industry or groups substantially funded by gambling. He has received royalties from Cambridge Cognition Ltd. relating to neurocognitive testing. AH has research funding from the state-owned gambling operator of Sweden (AB Svenska Spel) and from that operator’s research council, as well as from the research council of the Swedish alcohol monopoly (Systembolaget AB), as well as a non-financial collaboration with the private company Kontigo Care, which provides technical follow-up devices in clinical gambling disorder treatment. None of these organizations had any role in—or influence on—the present work.