Jeffrey, Michael P.
Saleem, Lin
MacPherson, Chad W.
Tompkins, Thomas A.
Clarke, Sandra T.
Green-Johnson, Julia M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Mitacs (IT15498)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2017-05237)
Article History
Received: 22 December 2023
Accepted: 6 March 2024
First Online: 10 April 2024
Competing interests
: Authors CWM and TAT were employed in the Research and Development sector of Lallemand Health Solutions Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada, a company that manufactures and sells probiotic bacteria to third party companies, not directly to the consumer. Lallemand Health Solutions provided support in the form of salaries for authors CWM and TAT, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.