Muramatsu, Daisuke
Kawata, Koji
Aoki, Shiho
Uchiyama, Hirofumi
Okabe, Mitsuyasu
Miyazaki, Tadaaki
Kida, Hiroshi
Iwai, Atsushi
Article History
Received: 10 October 2013
Accepted: 4 April 2014
First Online: 24 April 2014
Competing interests
: There is potential competing interest. This study was funded by by Aureo Co., Ltd., Kimitsu, Japan and Aureo-Science Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan. However, the funders had no role in the study design, data collection, or analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding was received for this study. D.M., K.K., S.A. and A.I. are employees of Aureo-Science Co., Ltd. and K.K., H.M., M.O. and A.I. are employees of Aureo Co., Ltd. The AP-PG-containing <i>A. pullulans</i>-cultured fluid and its derivatives are marketed by Aureo Co., Ltd. and by Aureo-Science Co., Ltd. There are no other patents, products in development, or marketed products to declare.