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Article History

Received: 29 January 2023

Accepted: 24 July 2023

First Online: 15 August 2023

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Prior to conducting the current study and conducting interviews with the 13 families, we obtained approval from an ethics review board of Leisure Management Department, National Pingtung University to ensure that the research is carried out in an ethical and responsible manner, with due regard for the protection of the subjects’ rights and well-being.

: In Taiwan, individuals who are above 20 years of age are not mandated to sign an informed consent form when participating in research, as this is deemed to align with ethical research practices. Moreover, prior to their involvement in the study, the parents of the 13 families were provided with detailed information about the research and were given the chance to seek clarifications before making a decision on whether or not to participate. This included furnishing the participants with a consent form that outlines the study’s objectives, procedures, potential benefits, and their right to withdraw their involvement at any point.