Yang, Jianghua
Zhang, Mengzhu
Article History
Received: 5 March 2023
Accepted: 24 October 2023
First Online: 13 November 2023
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The questionnaire design used in this study was approved by the appropriate legal and ethical review committees of Hanyi Big Data company and the Institute of Empirical Social Sciences Research of Xi’an Jiaotong University. All online questionnaires were obtained by considering the informed consent of the respondents. The questionnaire’s content does not involve personal privacy or health information; all respondents completed it voluntarily and anonymously.
: At the beginning of each web-based questionnaire, respondents were informed of the purpose of the survey and their right to participate voluntarily. We provided respondents with an introduction letter to the purpose of the survey and a commitment to privacy protection before starting the questionnaire. All respondents were allowed to discontinue or withdraw during the survey.