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Article History

Received: 7 September 2023

Accepted: 24 April 2024

First Online: 20 May 2024

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: There are no experiments on humans and/or the use of human tissue sample included in this study. We got the administrative permissions to access the raw data used in this study from the Center for Social Science Survey at Sun Yat-sen University. All methods are carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki.

: The data used in this paper comes from the survey conducted by Sun Yat-sen University, which is a large-scale, anonymous survey at the national level with the informed consent of every participant.