Document is current

Article History

Received: 16 April 2024

Accepted: 30 September 2024

First Online: 11 October 2024

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests. Shi Yin (first author and corresponding author) was a member of the Editorial Board of this journal at the time of this article’s acceptance for publication. The manuscript was assessed in line with the journal’s standard editorial processes.

: The questionnaire and methodology for this study were approved by the Hebei Agricultural University Ethical Review Committee (Approval code: jg20230693).

: In the questionnaire, we included information regarding the consent procedures, provided the study’s objectives, and assured them of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. We subsequently asked for their voluntary participation in the survey. The participants responded to the survey measures voluntarily and without any obligation.