Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 January 2024

Accepted: 24 October 2024

First Online: 31 October 2024

Competing Interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This research project has been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee at Jinghengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University on June 29, 2023. Our research team confirms that all procedures involving human participants were duly performed in rigorous accordance with the ethical standards stipulated by the Declaration of Helsinki. This includes, but is not limited to, obtaining informed consent from all human participants, ensuring their privacy and confidentiality, and minimizing any potential harm or discomfort. The approval ID for this research project is 2023017. The scope of approval covers all aspects of the research, including but not limited to participant recruitment, data collection, analysis, and dissemination of results. Any amendments or additional protocols related to the research have been reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee at Jinghengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University under the same approval number or a new one issued accordingly.

: In compliance with ethical guidelines, instructor (the first author of this study) collected consent form from all the participants, which stating the details of the study’s objectives, their involvement, potential risks and benefits, and assurances of confidentiality and anonymity. By signing the consent form, participants were giving their consent for the following: participation in the study, which may include surveys, computer screen-capture videos, and platform log data collection; use of the data collected for research purposes, which may include analysis and publication; publication of the results of the study, with no personal identifiers used to maintain confidentiality; all information collected will be kept confidential, data will be stored securely and will only be accessible to the research team, participants’ identity will not be disclosed in any reports or publications resulting from the study. No vulnerable individuals and payment or incentives were involved in this study.