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Article History

Received: 18 June 2024

Accepted: 16 December 2024

First Online: 24 December 2024

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The questionnaire used for collecting data and methodology for this study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Hong Kong (EA230342), on August 7, 2023. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.

: All participants, as conscious adults, provided informed consent via the SurveyMars platform (wjx.cn) starting from August 9, 2023. Detailed information regarding the nature and objectives of the study was shared with participants, with explicit assurance that all data collected would be used solely for academic purposes. All participants have been fully informed that their anonymity is assured. To safeguard participant privacy, no personally identifiable information was requested or retained, ensuring the confidentiality of their responses. Participants were explicitly informed that the study posed no foreseeable risks, and they retained the right to withdraw from the survey at any stage without incurring any repercussions. Participants were then prompted to indicate their consent by selecting the appropriate option within the online questionnaire. Upon completion of the survey, each participant received compensation of CN ¥15 (approximately US $2) through online cash transfer as a token of appreciation for their participation.