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Article History

Received: 25 March 2024

Accepted: 19 December 2024

First Online: 2 January 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref.no.2021-2022-0013) at The Education University of Hong Kong on October 28, 2021. The research was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines set forth by The Education University of Hong Kong. Additionally, all procedures involving human participants adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants on June 5, 2021. All participants were provided with detailed written and verbal information about the purpose, scope, method, and possible risks of the study. They were assured that the information they provided would be kept confidential, their personal data would be protected, and the results of the research would only be reported anonymously. Participants were informed that they had the right to withdraw from the study at any time and were assured that their data would be destroyed in such case.