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Article History

Received: 30 May 2024

Accepted: 14 January 2025

First Online: 22 January 2025

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: The study was approved by the Local Ethics Committees of Shandong Management University (Protocol No. 6 of November 10, 2023). All research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines/regulations applicable when human participants are involved - Declaration of Helsinki. Scope of approval: experiment with specially designed scenarios of intercultural conflicts including workers in international business centers.

: All participants provided informed consent to participate in the study. They were assured full confidentiality and the right to withdraw from the research at any time without any consequences. Scope of the consent - The questionnaires were completed anonymously, and the collected data were processed without the inclusion of personal identifiers. 146 professionals working in an international business center gave their written informed consent (as one of the questions at the beginning of the questionnaire) before the experiment – December 07, 2023). The study did not involve vulnerable individuals. No payment was included.