Wardhana, Irwanda Wisnu
Riesfandiari, Indri
Jamal, Erizal
Hanifah, Vyta W.
Pihri, Pihri
Handoyo, Felix Wisnu
Purwono, Nugroho
Ramadhan, Rizky Prayogo
Setyawan, Budhi
Placek, Michal
W, Bakri Prakarso A.
Chrysanti, Natasha Dini
Daniswara, Reza Mahdi
Wijanarko, Bambang
Setiadi, Elen
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Council for Special Economic Zone, Indonesia
Article History
Received: 8 October 2024
Accepted: 22 January 2025
First Online: 19 February 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This research was approved by the Social and Humanities Ethics Committee of Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia), under approval number 536/KE.01/SK/11/2022, dated November 8, 2022. We confirm that all research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations applicable to research involving human participants. The scope of approval included adherence to COVID-19 health protocols at the research sites.
: Informed consent was not required. All data were anonymized before analysis, and as per the National Council for Special Economic Zone policy, such research is exempt from requiring individual respondent consent.