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Authors
Ma, Jingni
Li, Haoke
Liang, Chuoyan
Li, Siqi
Liu, Ziliang
Qu, Chen
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2023
Accepted: 19 February 2025
First Online: 3 March 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the School of Psychology, South China Normal University (approval number: SCNU-PSY-152) on March 24, 2023. All research procedures involving human participants strictly adhered to the ethical guidelines of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments, as well as applicable national regulations for human subject research. The approved scope of this study encompassed participant recruitment, data collection methods (including physiological measurements and subjective questionnaires), and the experimental intervention protocol. Written informed consent with a Participant Information Sheet was obtained from all participants before their participation.
: All participants provided written informed consent before they participated in the study. Consent procedures were administered by researchers from the School of Psychology, South China Normal University, between March 26 and July 10, 2023. Participants were recruited from two universities: South China Normal University (including both its main and University Town campuses) and the Main Campus of Guangdong University of Technology and Vocational College. The consent form clearly outlined the study’s purpose, intervention procedures, potential risks (such as temporary dizziness from VR use), and benefits. Participants were assured of data anonymity, with all identifiers removed before analysis, and informed that their data would be used solely for academic research and publication. The consent included: (1) voluntary participation with the right to withdraw at any time without penalty, (2) risks and compensations, (3) permission to use anonymized data in publications, and (4) agreement to follow study protocols. Signed consent forms are securely stored by the research team in compliance with institutional data retention policies.
