Updates are available Correction dated 2025-04-24

Article History

Received: 21 August 2024

Accepted: 19 February 2025

First Online: 1 March 2025

Change Date: 24 April 2025

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04884-y

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Social and Political Science at the University of Edinburgh (Ethics ID: 286928) on 12/01/2023 as part of the broader ethical approval for the author’s PhD dissertation. While this specific study does not require separate approval since it does not involve human participants, it falls within the overall scope of the dissertation’s ethical framework. This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by the author.

: Not applicable.