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The relationship between grit and L2 willingness to communicate among Chinese undergraduate students: the contributions of foreign language enjoyment and anxiety

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04862-4

Published Online: 2025-04-16

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Li, Gengchun
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Taizhou University High-level Talent Research Start-up Fund (TZXY2015QDXM011)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-04-16

Version of Record valid from 2025-04-16
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Article History

Received: 8 October 2024

Accepted: 2 April 2025

First Online: 16 April 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study received ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee at Taizhou University School of Foreign Languages, with an approval reference number TZXY2015QDXM011, starting from July 1, 2023 to December 31, 2024. The ethical approval spans all aspects of the research, including recruitment of study participants, collection of data, and analysis of the data. All research procedures were conducted following the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki and its revised version in 2024.

: Informed consent to participate in this study was obtained from the participants at two points in time, i.e., on July 8, 2023 when the first round of online survey began, and on December 4, 2024 when the second round of online survey commenced. All participants were fully informed that their anonymity would be assured, why the research was being conducted, and how their data would be utilized by reading the cover letter in the online surveys. They were also fully aware of any risks associated with participating in this study.

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