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Authors
Yuan, Hang
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Article History
Received: 17 July 2024
Accepted: 4 April 2025
First Online: 19 April 2025
Competing interests
: The author declares no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the School of Foreign Languages at Zhengzhou Shengda University of Economic Business & Management (Ethics Approval No. SFL-2023-047, granted on October 12, 2023). All procedures involving human participants followed the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committees and aligned with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its amendments.
: All participants voluntarily joined this study, which posed no physical, emotional, or psychological risks. Written informed consent was obtained from participants and their legal guardians between January 8, 2024, and February 29, 2024, with a clear explanation of procedures, tasks, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty.
