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Authors
Qin, Shibo
Jia, Songbo
Su, Shiwei
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Article History
Received: 27 November 2024
Accepted: 28 April 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The present study is a secondary analysis of the TALIS 2018 dataset (OECD, ). Ethical approval for the original data collection was obtained by the OECD (). This article does not involve any additional studies with human participants conducted by the authors.
: The present study is a secondary analysis of the TALIS 2018 dataset (OECD, ). Ethical approval for the original data collection was obtained by the OECD (). This article does not involve any additional studies with human participants conducted by the authors.
