Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Cheng, Xiaolong
Xu, Jinfen
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 4 February 2024
Accepted: 8 May 2025
First Online: 25 May 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of School of Foreign Languages, Hubei University of Technology (No. 20220910) on September 26, 2022. This study was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Before the data collection, the authors provided all participants with written informed consent. The consent procedure was conducted on March 23, 2023. All the participants were informed of the nature, purpose, and procedures of the study, their rights as participants, and the scope of their consent. They all understood that their participation was voluntary, and they were assured of the confidentiality of their participation. They were also informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without any penalty.
