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Authors
Ruiz-Casares, Mónica
Feng, Ruo Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9482-1341
Zamani, Negin
Iwo, René
Janus, Magdalena
Twum-Danso Imoh, Afua
Nazif-Muñoz, José Ignacio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8944-5182
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Article History
Received: 14 March 2024
Accepted: 8 May 2025
First Online: 21 May 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (protocol code A09-E84-09B) on September 28, 2009 and the Ethics Board of Toronto Metropolitan University (protocol code 2022-421) on November 7, 2022.
: Participants’ consent was not obtained since this study consisted on secondary analysis of MICS and DHS survey datasets that are publicly available and fully anonymized.
