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Authors
Nadeem, Muhammad
Anwar, Mumtaz
Ul Rehman, Waseem
Malik, Muhammad Irfan
Ali, Wajid
Al-Rawi, Mahmood Basil A.
Syed, Wajid
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Article History
Received: 3 May 2024
Accepted: 19 May 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Ethics approval
: Ethical approval was not needed as the authors used secondary data that were publicly available; furthermore, this study did not involve human participants.
: Informed consent was not needed as the authors used secondary data that were publicly available.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
