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Authors
Kong, Xiangdong
Wang, Haijun
Chen, Yijun
Luo, Ji
Xie, Tianhui
Peng, Minghong
Ding, Maobin
Li, Xinlong
Li, Hu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Opening Fund of the Sichuan Key Provincial Research Base of Intelligent Tourism Project (ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01, ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01, ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01, ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01, ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01, ZHZR24-03 and ZHZR23-01)
the Rural Community Governance Research Center Project (SQZL2024A01, SQZL2024A01)
the Key Laboratory of Digital-Intelligent Management and Ecological Decision Optimization for Liquor in the Upper Yangtze River Region Project (ZDSYS24-05, ZDSYS24-05, ZDSYS24-05, ZDSYS24-05, ZDSYS24-05)
the Southern Sichuan Development Research Institute of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle Project (CYQCNY20242, CYQCNY20242, CYQCNY20242, CYQCNY20242, CYQCNY20242)
the Social Development and Social Risk Control Research Center Project (SR24A14, SR24A14, SR24A14)
the Agricultural Modernization and Rural Revitalization Research Center Project (AMRR2024001)
the Western Ecological Civilization Research Center Project (XBST2024-ZC003, XBST2024-ZC003)
the System Science and Enterprise Development Research Center Project (XQ23B03)
the Yangtze River Key Ecological Functional Area Protection Policy Research Center Project (YREPC2024-ZD001)
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Article History
Received: 31 December 2024
Accepted: 29 May 2025
First Online: 9 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national and institutional ethical guidelines. This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee in School of Economics, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering (Approval No. SUSE20250107-001) on 31 August 2024, ensuring that the research complies with ethical standards for human research. Additional oversight was provided under the National Science and Technology Ethics Committee of China, ensuring compliance with all national regulations for social science research.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants between 1 September 2024 and 15 October 2024, prior to the commencement of any study procedures. Participants were informed that (i) their participation was voluntary, (ii) they could withdraw at any time without penalty, and (iii) all data would be handled confidentially and reported only in aggregate form.
