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Article History

Received: 30 October 2024

Accepted: 30 May 2025

First Online: 11 June 2025

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: Research ethics for this study were approved by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee, Project ID 27378. The Committee was satisfied that the project meets the requirements of the National (Australian) Statement on Ethical Conduct in Human Research. Approval was granted on 21 December 2020.

: This study consisted of two datasets involving human research, a survey of academic staff and interviews with senior university leaders. An explanatory statement with details about the project and its research team was provided with the survey, and consent was deemed to be implied for respondents who completed the survey, as per Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee guidelines. The survey was completely anonymous and not even the email addresses of respondents were recorded. Interview participants were provided an explanatory statement and a consent form, and were asked to sign and return the consent form before the interview. The survey opened in November 2021 and closed in March 2022. All interviews were conducted between March and July 2021.