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Authors
Coulibaly, Thierry Yerema
Managi, Shunsuke
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (20H00648)
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (14200138)
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2024
Accepted: 5 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures performed in this study, which did not involve human participants, were conducted following the ethical standards of Kyushu University and the relevant national research committee. This research adheres to the ethical principles of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Since the study did not involve any procedures requiring ethical approval by an institutional review board, no specific protocol number was assigned.
: This study did not involve human participants, and therefore, no informed consent was required. All research procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines and standards of the Urban Institute of Kyushu University and/or the relevant national research committee.
