Document is current

Article History

Received: 30 November 2024

Accepted: 10 June 2025

First Online: 23 July 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The evaluation survey questionnaire and methodology were examined, approved, and endorsed by the ethics committee of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Zhejiang College on September 1, 2022. The participations were voluntary. The procedures employed in this study comply with the ethical standards outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. This article does not report any studies involving human participants conducted by the authors. Ethical approval number: Z20229001. Ethical Statement date: September 1, 2022.

: Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study. In compliance with national regulations and institutional standards, this research did not necessitate written informed consent. Instead, participants were required to complete an online informed consent process. During this process, participants were clearly informed about the following key aspects: (i) confidentiality, wherein personal information provided by the participants would remain confidential and would not be published or disclosed, and (ii) use of data, wherein the data collected from the participants would be exclusively used for academic research purposes and not for any commercial activities. In order to continue to participate in the study, participants had to carefully read the instructions at the beginning and click the “agree and continue” button before formally filling out the questionnaire. Informed consent date: October 1, 2022.