Document is current

Article History

Received: 25 November 2024

Accepted: 10 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Doctoral School of Physical Education and Sport Science, West University of Timișoara (Approval No. 08/21.03.2023). The approval covers all procedures involving human participants as described in the manuscript.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants prior to their inclusion in the study. The consent process was conducted by the principal investigator Valentina Stefanica, between 17 and 24 April 2023, after providing each participant with detailed written information about the study’s purpose, procedures, potential risks and benefits, data confidentiality, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. The consent covered participation in the study, use of anonymised data for analysis, and publication of results. All participants were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses. No personally identifiable information, images, or sensitive data has been disclosed or published.

: In preparing this paper, the authors used the ChatGPT model 4 on April 24, 2025, to revise some passages of the manuscript, to double-check for grammar mistakes or improve academic English only. After using this tool, the authors have reviewed and edited the content as necessary and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.