Paniello-Castillo, Blanca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3754-6571
Döring, Stefan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6949-7084
Dryhurst, Sarah
Di Baldassarre, Giuliano https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8180-4996
Raffetti, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8742-3986
Article History
Received: 1 August 2024
Accepted: 12 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Italian Research Ethics and Bioethics Committee (Dnr 0043071/2019) and the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2019-03242). The study was carried out in accordance with the ethical standards set by the European Union under Horizon 2020 (EU General Data Protection Regulation and FAIR Data Management).
: Participation in the study was entirely voluntary, and all participants (adults over 18 years old) provided informed consent prior to completing the survey in each of its rounds (August 2020, November 2020 and August 2021, see study protocol and data descriptor in (Mondino et al. 2020)). Consent was obtained through an online form embedded at the beginning of each survey, which was distributed via email. The research protocol did not encompass collection of privacy-sensitive and personally identifiable information (PII) data. Since the study was non-interventional (i.e., based on a self-administered online survey), all participants were clearly informed about the anonymity of their responses, and the purpose of the research.