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Authors
WANG, LEI
Chen, Yihan
Ramsey, Thomas
Hewings, Geoffrey
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science (21CJY015)
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Article History
Received: 22 September 2024
Accepted: 17 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was not required as this research did not conduct studies involving human participants.
: Informed consent was not collected as this research did not conduct studies involving human participants.
: During the preparation of this work, the authors utilized AI tools for language polishing purposes only. Specifically: (1). ChatGPT (OpenAI): Accessed in May 2024 to refine linguistic expression in the manuscript draft. (2). DeepSeek (DeepSeek Inc.): Accessed in April 2025 to enhance clarity in the revised manuscript and response letter during the peer review process. No AI tools were employed for content generation, data gathering, or empirical analysis. The authors take full responsibility for academic integrity, theoretical framework, and conclusions presented in this work.
