Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 May 2024

Accepted: 23 June 2025

First Online: 8 July 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was approved by the Academic Ethics Review Committee of East China Normal University, China, on March 15, 2024. Our study did not involve animal or human clinical trials and was not unethical.

: In accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study on March 20, 2024. The anonymity and confidentiality of the participant guaranteed, and participation was completely voluntary. Before filling out the questionnaire, they have been informed of the research purpose and informed that “submitting answers” is considered informed consent. Participants can exit at any time during the questionnaire filling process. No vulnerable individuals or minors were involved in the study.