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Authors
Zhang, Tingqun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3186-0818
Wang, Yuhong
Jiang, Zhanhao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9802-1341
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Article History
Received: 6 August 2024
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 25 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study, including its methodology, participant recruitment, and data collection procedures, was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Foreign Languages at Southeast University (SEUSFL20211230) on December 30, 2021.
: In this study, informed consent was obtained electronically from all participants between February 1, 2022 and February 28, 2022. Before participation, the participants were informed about the objectives of the study, the confidentiality of their responses, no risk in the study, and their right to withdraw at any time without any consequences. All collected data were anonymized to protect participant identity and ensure confidentiality.
