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Article History

Received: 8 September 2024

Accepted: 7 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The methodology for this study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa (approval number 485/20). The research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines/regulations applicable when human participants are involved—Department of Health and Human Services, USA. Approval was issued on 15 November 2020 and is valid for four years (15 November 2020–14 November 2024). .

: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study before data collection, via signed agreements collected by the first author between 1 and 10 March 2022. Data collection occurred between 11 March and 10 June 2022. The consent covered participation, data use, and consent to publish. Participation was voluntary. All participants were fully informed that their anonymity was assured, why the research was being conducted, how their data would be utilized, and that there were no risks to them in participating. They were also informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time without consequences.