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Article History

Received: 7 November 2024

Accepted: 23 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiangxi Normal University (protocol No. 632 of 20 Oct 2022). The study was conducted in accordance with the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki. After the granting of the ethical approval by the Ethics Committee of Jiangxi Normal University (author`s university), the survey was conducted. All informed consents by the research participants was provided after the approval by the university. The survey and the analysis of the researches data was conducted after the ethical approval.

: The experiment was conducted among 110 students from Tianjin Conservatory, including future professional musicians and cultural practitioners. The total number of participants was 110, consisting of 35 males and 75 females from the instrumental music department. All data obtained during the research process were processed and presented as anonymized results. All participants provided voluntary consent to participate in the study and were informed about the objectives, methods, and potential risks of the research. This occurred before the commencement of the event when all participants were present (date of the Informed consent submission – November 14, 2022). Such an approach ensured that all participants had a clear understanding of the nature and objectives of the research, as well as their rights as participants. They were also informed about the option to withdraw from participation at any time without any negative consequences.