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Article History

Received: 9 January 2025

Accepted: 25 July 2025

First Online: 1 August 2025

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: This study (entitled: Reimagined Confucianism and the “New Woman”: Shen Yiyun and the Synthesis of Humanism and Patriotism in Modern Chinese Women’s Education) did not involve human participants, their personal data, or any experimental procedures requiring ethical oversight. The research exclusively analyzed historical archives and publicly available texts published in academic journals and by established publishing houses. As these materials are part of the historical or public record, no ethical review or institutional approval was necessary. The work adhered to ethical standards for scholarly research, ensuring proper citation and respect for intellectual property rights.

: This study utilized exclusively historical and publicly available textual sources (e.g., published works, archival materials). As the research did not involve direct engagement with human participants, nor the collection or analysis of personal data, obtaining informed consent was not applicable. All primary and secondary sources were accessed in accordance with academic fair-use principles, properly cited, and critically contextualized within the scope of historical scholarship.