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Article History

Received: 17 December 2024

Accepted: 28 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Scientific Research Ethical Committee, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University (reference number: 2023/30-09; date of approval: 26.12.2023). The Academic Committee reviewed and approved the study protocol, including research design and methods, participant eligibility criteria, data collection and confidentiality protection, and informed consent. All online surveys were obtained by taking into account the informed consent of the participants, and all participants completed the survey voluntarily and anonymously.

: The study was conducted between May 01 and June 25, 2024. All participants gave informed consent before completing the official survey. At the beginning of each web-based survey, they were informed about the study’s objectives, procedures, and confidentiality of their responses, and they were told that the data collected would be used only for academic research. It was also clearly stated that any personal information would be provided anonymously and that they reserved the right to withdraw from the study at any time. All participants clicked the “Accept” button to complete the informed consent process, agreeing to participate, have their data used for research purposes, and have anonymous findings published.