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Authors
Zhang, Lu
Gong, Jiaying
Yang, Yu
Li, Jing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42471200, 42130712, 42471200, 42130712)
National Bureau of Statistics of China (No.2024ZX10)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFF0809304)
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2024
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors.
: This was not required, as outlined in the ethical statement.
