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Authors
Lyu, Xuanru
Li, Wenhui
Zhang, Huimin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2025 First-Batch Research Grants, China Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (No. 79)
Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of China (24YJC840047)
Central University of Finance and Economics (XMXZ2408)
The Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research by the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (24JZD036)
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2025
Accepted: 14 August 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The data used in this manuscript were from a large national social survey (CLASS), and the survey was approved by the ethic committee of the School of Statistics of Renmin University of China, but the ethics number has not been publicly released. All participants provided written informed consent. All methods employed in the study were performed in accordance with the relevant international guidelines and regulations.
: In the data collection of the China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey (CLASS), all participants signed the informed consent at the time of participation.
